If
you've never seen a black fox before, you're not alone; these are
actually red fox color morphs, making them more rare than their
red-furred counterparts. Despite this, many still refer to these foxes
as if they were a separate group altogether, calling them silver foxes.
Fox imagery is found across cultures,
where they usually assume the role of a trickster. In everyday language,
too, the common word “vixen,” meaning a female fox, is used when
referring to a spiteful or quarrelsome woman.
Fox pups nuzzle in the ground at Quail Valley on Santa Catalina
Island. 2015 file photo. (Julie Lynn King / Catalina Island Conservancy)
By Christine Armario, The Associated Press
Posted:
Federal wildlife officials recommended Friday that three fox
subspecies native to California’s Channel Islands be removed from the
endangered species list, saying their populations have made an historic
recovery.
The foxes on islands lying just off the state’s southern coast were once on the brink of extinction.
“We’ve
been able to stop impairment and recover a species,” said Russell
Galipeau, superintendent of Channel Islands National Park, which
encompasses five of the archipelago’s eight islands.
Four fox subspecies that live on Santa Catalina, San Miguel,
Santa Rosa and Santa Cruz islands were placed on the endangered species
list in 2004. Disease and predators had dramatically reduced their
populations.
Golden eagles that migrated to San Miguel and Santa
Rosa devoured the foxes, leaving only about 15 on each island by 2000.
The number of foxes on Santa Cruz Island dipped to a low of 62 in 2002.
The
golden eagles were able to spread to the islands because the islands’
native bald eagles, which didn’t prey on foxes, were wiped out there by
the discharge of the now-banned chemical DDT into coastal waters.
Wildlife officials and biologists crafted a plan that included
relocating the non-native golden eagles from the northern Channel
Islands, killing off Santa Cruz’s huge population of feral pigs that
lured golden eagles, reintroduction of bald eagles, vaccinating the
foxes against canine distemper and breeding the foxes in captivity.
Officials
said Friday the fox populations have now recovered to self-sustaining
levels. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is calling their resurgence
the fastest successful recovery of any mammal listed under the
Endangered Species Act.
As of last year, there were 520 native foxes on San Miguel and
874 on Santa Rosa, according to the group Friends of the Island Fox. The
number of foxes on Santa Cruz Island had risen to 1,750.
“It was a
challenge but one of the nice things is we were separated by ocean so
we could control a lot of the potential impact,” Galipeau said.
On
Santa Catalina, canine distemper brought over from the mainland reduced
the fox population to 103 in 2000, but last year it was 1,717.
Officials
are recommending native foxes on Santa Catalina island be reclassified
from endangered to threatened, saying the potential for disease outbreak
is a remaining threat.
Two other subspecies on San Nicolas and San Clemente aren’t
endangered. There were 263 foxes on San Nicolas and 1,230 on San
Clemente.
Tierra Curry, senior scientist at the Center for
Biological Diversity, credited the Endangered Species Act for saving the
island foxes.
“Thanks to its remarkable power, we can celebrate the successful recovery of the island foxes,” Curry said in a statement.
Once
the home of Native Americans, the Channel Islands were reached by early
European explorers, fur hunters seeking sea otters, seals and sea
lions, and then became a base for fishermen, according to the National
Park Service.
Later came ranching, agriculture and military defense operations
before preservation efforts began. Santa Catalina became and remains a
destination for tourists and recreational boating.
Talented Dutch photographer Roeselien Raimond (whom we’ve written about and spoken with before here)
takes stunning photos of wild foxes. For this year’s Valentine’s day
she agreed to give Bored Panda an exclusive interview and talk about how
attentive and loving foxes are, despite the popular belief that they
are mean and deceitful creatures.
“I know of no animal that shows as much love and affections as foxes
do. That could be because I know no animal, like I know foxes, but
that’s not the point here. The point is….love. Foxy love to be more
precise.”
“Foxes are known to be smart, false, deceitful and mean creatures- a
successful character assassination; even I believed it as a child, when
reading the famous fox fables. That was, until I started following foxes
and learned to know them very well and found out that love must be
their middle name.”